CHAPTER 11 STUDY CASE

CHAPTER 12 CASE -> SHELL CANADA FUELS PRODUCTIVITY WITH ERP

  

 1.How did ERP help improve business operations at Shell?

ERP help improve business operations at Shell by operations that span from wells and mines, to processing plants, to oil trucks and to gas pumps. Rate For example, the ERP system has helped the company immensely in terms of reducing and streamlining the highly manual process of third-party contractors submitting repair information and invoices.

    2. How could extended ERP components help improve business operations at Shell?

- ERP solution solved these inadequacies by providing an integrated web-based service order, invoicing and payment submission system. Third-party contractors can enter service orders directly into Shell’s ERP system via the web easily and faster.

- Contractor’s monthly summarized invoices can be generated automatically and fed directly into ERP system’s account payable application for processing.

- Help speed up maintenance and repair operations at the company’s refineries.  

    3.What advice would you give Shell if it decided to choose a different ERP software solution?

It depends on the suppliers or contractors that want to search the Shell Company’s website. If the system that they choose can satisfy the user or the contractors the software can be proceed to use. If not Shell must use the ERP software that they already have. Must be remember, people want the easier work and if people already knows and common with the system before, they will make the work effective and efficiency. Changes can be made but not too complicated until exist the difficulty feel for them. 

4.  How can integrating SCM, CRM, and ERP help improve business operations at Shell?

- Shell will have a lot of suppliers to supply the materials that they want to sell. Therefore, Shell must determine the suitable supplier to give them the products such as supplier for junk food, water, petrol and else.

- Shell want built the good relation towards their customers by giving Shell card. Customers will use the card to get point. Then when the points become increase, Shell will give reward or present to their customers.

- For the ERP, Shell will have their own website to make the contractors easy to make any transactions, exchange, payments and else.

 

ERP data system for suppliers in Shell.

CHAPTER 10 : SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 10: EXTENDING THE ORGANIZATION- SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

List and describe the component of a typical supply chain

• PLAN : REFER TO THE OVERALL STRATEGY OF SCM PROGRAM INCLUDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCM METRIC TO MONITOR.
• SOURCE: REFER TO THE SUPPLIER WHO WILL PROVIDE OF GOODS AND SERVICE NECESSARY FOR TO RUN BUSINESS.
• MANUFACTURING COMPONENT: EXECUTION OF PROCESSES NEEDED TO PRODUCED, TEST AND PACKAGE PRODUCT OR SERVICE.
• DELIVERY: REFER TO THE SYSTEM FOR RECEIVING ORDERS FROM CUSTOMER, DEVELOPING A NETWORK PF WAREHOUSES GETTING THE PRODUCT TO THE CUSTOMER AND RECEIVING PAYMENT FROM THEM.
• RETURN: SYSTEM OF PROCESSING CUSTOMER RETURN OR SUPPORTING CUSTOMER PROBLEM WITH THE PRODUCT THEY RECEIVED.

Describe the four changes resulting from advances in IT that are driving supply chain

visibility

• ABILITY TO VIEW ALL AREAS UP AND DOWN THE SUPPLY CHAIN
• BULL WHIP EFFECT OCCURS WHEN DISTORTED PRODUCT DEMAND INFORMATION PASSES FROM ONE ENTITY TO THE NEXT THROUGH THE SUPPLY CHAIN
• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ALLOWS ADDITIONAL VISIBILITY IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN.

Consumer behavior

• DEMAND PLANNING SOFTWARE GENERATES DEMAND FORECAST USING STATITICAL TOOLS AND FORECASTING TECHNIQUES
• ONES AN ORGANIZATION UNDERSTAND CUSTOMER DEMAND ITS EFFECT ON THE SUPPLY CHAIN IT CAN BEGGING TO ESTIMATE THE IMPACT THAT ITS SUPPLY CHAIN WILL HAVE ON ITS CUSTOMER AND ULTIMATELY THE ORGANIZATIONS PERFORMANCE

Competition

• SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING SOFTWARE, USES ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHM TO IMPROVE THE FLOW AND EFFICIENCY OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN WHILE REDUCING INVENTORY.
• SUPPLY CHAIN EXECUTIVE (SCE) SOFTWARE AUTOMATES THE DIFFERENT SYSTEM AND STAGE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN.

Speed

• NEW FORM OF SERVE, TELECOMMUNICATION ENABLING COMPANIES TO PERFORM ACTIVITIES THAT WERE ONCE NEVER THOUGHT POSSIBLE.
• ABILITY TO SATISFY CONTINUALLY CHANGING CUSTOMER REQUIREMENT EFFICIENCY, ACCURATELY AND QUICKLY.

Summarize the best practice for implementing a successful supply chain management system.

• MAKE THE SALE TO SUPPLIER: SCM IS IT COMPLEXITY BECAUSE A LARGE PART OF   THE SYSTEM EXTENDS BEYOND THE COMPANY WALLS
• WEAN EMPLOYEES OF TRADITIONAL BUSINESS PRACTICES: OPERATION PEOPLE TYPICALLY DEAL WITH PHONE CALLS, FAXES AND ORDERS SCRAWLED ON PAPER AND WILL MOST LIKELY WANT TO KEEP IT THAT WAY.
• ENSURE THE SCM SYSTEM SUPPORT THE ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS: SCM SOFTWARE THAT GIVE ORGANIZATION AND ADVANTAGE IN THE AREAS MOST CRUCIAL TO THEIR BUSINESS SUCCESS.
• DEPLOY IN INCREMENTAL PHASES AND MEASURE COMMUNICATE SUCCESS:  DESIGN THE DEPLOYMENT OF SCM SYSTEM IN INCREMENTAL PHASES.
• BE FUTURE ORIENTED: THE SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN MUST ANTICIPATE THE FUTURE STATE OF THE BUSINESS

CHAPTER 10: CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT

QUESTIONS:

1. Why is it important for any company to use CRM strategies to manage customer information?
2. If the virtual world is the first point of contact between a company and its customers, how might that transform the entire shopping experience?

ANSWERS:

1. The important for any company to use CRM strategies to manage customer information are: 

• provide customer service
• make calls centre
• cross sell product more effective
• help sell staff close detail faster
• discover new customer
• increase customer revenue

       2.  It have pros and cons effect to both parties.

Pros :

• it more easy to make conversation and transaction.
• face-to-face communication will be more effective.
• the customer can give direct comment and critics.

Cons:

• customer did not know the actual product.
• higher cost in maintenance  

CHAPTER 9: ENABLING THE ORGANIZATIONS (DECISION MAKING)

 FOUR CATEGORIES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: 

EXPERT SYSTEMS

Kind a process of solving difficult problems.

The example company using this software is Cell Matrix Corporation.

A Cell Matrix is an electronic structure with a set of physical and functional properties that are convenient for designing and manufacturing circuits. The Cell Matrix computing architecture is essentially a construct for thinking about, designing, and building digital circuits. Whereas computer programming languages provide a way of thinking about and solving problems.

This company has apply expert systems a part of artificial intelligence.

 NEURAL NETWORKS

To emulate the way the human brains works. It is also analyze large quantities of information to establish patterns and characteristics in situations where the logic or rules are unknown.
Organization who apply this software is Brighterion.
Brighterion is the leader in smart analytics offering products for real-time
cross-channel fraud prevention, device ID, clickstream analysis, credit risk, chargeback, KYC, AML compliance, and homeland security intelligence. Our products are used and trusted by the largest institutions and governments around the world.

 

 GENETIC ALGORITHMS

BioComp Systems one of the company who applied genetic algorithms.
For over 20 years, the key BioComp technology staff have researched, applied, and learned the utility of different algorithms. Every algorithm has its strengths and weaknesses. We look for and invent "robust" algorithms, ones that are flexible and powerful enough to be applied in many ways with little or no modification. Through this process we have modified select algorithms to improve their performance and results.
This is used to make decision towards company future.

INTELLIGENCE AGENTS

Is a special-purpose knowledge-based information system that accomplished specific task on behalf of its users. 

Example of organization using this is shopping Yahoo

software programs that operate unattended, usually on the Internet.

Intelligence agents also have the capabilities to handle supply chain buying and selling.

CHAPTER 8: Assessing Organizational Information -Data Warehouse

CHAPTER 8: Assessing Organizational Information -Data Warehouse

1). Describe the role and purpose of data warehouses and data marts in the organization.

Data warehouse- A data warehouse is a collection of data, usually current and historical, from multiple databases that the organization can use for analysis and decision making. The purpose, of course, is to bring key sets of data about or used by the organization into one place.-

Data mart- Data marts are related sets of data that are grouped together and separated out from the main body of data in the data warehouse.

The purpose of data warehouse is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository in such way that employee can make decision and undertake business analysis activities.

besides that, database store all the transaction such as sales of product.

The roles of data mart is easily to employee to access the data information. Other than that, data marts as having focuses information subsets particular to the needs of a given business unit such as finance or production and operations.

2). Explain the relationship between business intelligence and a data warehouse.

Business intelligence usually refers to the information that is available for the enterprise to make decisions on. A data warehousing (or data mart) system is the backed  or the infrastructural, component for achieving business intelligence. Business intelligence also includes the insight gained from doing data mining analysis, as well as unstructured data (thus the need of content management systems). 

Let me give the path of Data warehousing. All the source data from disparate sources are used to load/Stage data. Different sources can be flat files, another database or some other process. The starting point of the Data warehouse should extract the data in order to load into its environment.This is extracting. This data may not be the expected format or size. your business demands are different or your organization business requirements are different. So the business process has to modify the data or better word is to transform the incoming data to meet requirements and objectives. This is called Transformation. Once every slicing and dicing of the data is done along with applied business rules, this data is ready for loading into the target tables. This process is called Loading. So overall till now we have done Extraction, Transformation and Loading. In short we call this ETL. There are lot of tools available in today's market which does help in achieving the ETL process. Once this data is loaded in to the database, this is ready for next processing. We call that database as Data warehouse database. The next process could be building of datamarts or directly reporting from it. There are lot of tools/software available for reporting/analysis. Some call it business reporting or analysis tool. But if you see the whole process has intelligence involved in business. we can call this or the gurus call it Data warehousing and the system involved from end to end is called business intelligence system.

chapter 7: Storing Organization Information-Database

chapter 7: Storing Organization Information-Database 

QUESTIONS:

1. Define the fundamental concepts of the relational database model. 
2.  Evaluate the advantages of the relational database model 
3.  Define a database management system and its relationship  to a website. 
4. Explain why an organization would want to integrate its database.

  

    

ANSWERS:

Number 1:

 A collection of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. There are many different types of DBMSs, ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes.

In example: computerized library system, automated teller machines  
                  (ATM) and flight reservation systems.

besides that,it is shows how the internal organization can affect how quickly and flexibly you can extract information from this database.

This software are gathered all of the information in one central database..


Number 2:

• Increase flexibility - who access the database will able get the information based on their users of database.
• Increase scalability and performance- which is to looked at the performance of organization. Scalability is how well the systems can adapt to increase demand. Meanwhile, performance is base on the how quickly systems performs during transaction.
• Reduced information redundancy- which is to reduce duplication of information.
• Increase information integrity(quality)-measure quality of  information.
• Increase information security- which is to maintain information integrity using password, access levels and access control.

 
 Number 3: 

Database Management System(DBSM) is how the software can interact within users and application programs. How the DBMS manipulate the data information through database. The example is online shopping.How the owner want to fulfill the customer demand with the information for the warehouse data. Besides that, organization can measure their performance using the website. Which is how many visitors every day reach to the website,

 

Number 4:

 

the organization should integrates the database because to ensure there no duplication of information. Means, no need  difference people key in the same database information. it is also increase flexibility because difference users with difference purpose can using one database according to their purpose.

The organization increase their performances and quality of database.

CHAPTER 5 - ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES THAT SUPPORT STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

CHAPTER 5 - ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES THAT SUPPORT STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CIO, CTO, CSO, CPO AND CKO.

CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER (CIO)

• This person will responsible for overseeing for the uses of information technology
• It ensuring the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives
• The jobs will reports all the activities in organisation directly to the CEO
• CTO also must be a person that have understanding of every aspect of an organisation
• The capability in IT must be the main power to be a CTO
• Other function of CTO:- 
• MANAGER - Ensure the delivery of all IT  projects, on time and within budget
• LEADER - Ensure the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of the organisation
• COMMUNICATOR- Advance and communication the IT strategy by building and maintaining strong executive relationship
• CTO also need to enhance customer satisfaction ahead of their concern of any specific aspects of IT

CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER (CTO)

• Responsible for ensuring the through, speed, accuracy, availability, and reliability of an organisation in IT
• Direct responsibilities for ensuring the efficiency of IT system 
• CTO will posses well-rounded knowledge of all aspects of IT
• Runs the organization’s engineering group
• Uses technology to enhance the company’s product offerings
• Focuses on external customers (buyers)
• Collaborates and manages vendors that supply solutions to enhance the company’s product(s)
• Aligns the company’s product architecture with business priorities
• Develops strategies to increase the company’s top line (revenue)
• Has to be a creative and innovative technologist to be successful

CHIEF SECURITY OFFICER (CSO)

• To ensuring the secuarity of IT systems
• Developing strategies in IT
• Make sure the IT safeguards against attacks from hackers and viruses
• EXAMPLE OF THE RESPONSIBILITIES CSO:-
• Lead operational risk management activities to enhance the value of the company and brand.
• Oversee a network of security directors and vendors who safeguard the company's assets, intellectual property and computer systems, as well as the physical safety of employees and visitors.
• Identify protection goals, objectives and metrics consistent with corporate strategic plan.
• Manage the development and implementation of global security policy, standards, guidelines and procedures to ensure ongoing maintenance of security. Physical protection responsibilities will include asset protection, workplace violence prevention, access control systems, video surveillance, and more. Information protection responsibilities will include network security architecture, network access and monitoring policies, employee education and awareness, and more.
• Work with other executives to prioritize security initiatives and spending based on appropriate risk management and/or financial methodology.
• Maintain relationships with local, state and federal law enforcement and other related government agencies.
• Oversee incident response planning as well as the investigation of security breaches, and assist with disciplinary and legal matters associated with such breaches as necessary.
• Work with outside consultants as appropriate for independent security audits.

 
 CHIEF PRIVACY OFFICER (CPO)

• Responsibilty for ensuring the ethical and legal use of information within an organisation
•  Created to respond to both consumer concern over the use of personal information, including medical data and financial information, and laws and regulations.
• Evaluating legislative and regulatory proposals involving collection, use, and disclosure of personal information by the Federal Government. 
• Conducting a privacy impact assessment of proposed rules of the Department or that of the Department on the privacy of personal information, including the type of personal information collected and the number of people affected.
• Coordinating with the Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.

 

CHIEF KNOWLEDGE OFFICER (CKO)

• (CKO) is an organizational leader, responsible for ensuring that the organization maximizes the value it achieves through "knowledge". 
• The CKO is responsible for managing intellectual capital and the custodian of Knowledge Management practices in an organization. 
• CKO role is much broader, that can help an organization maximize the returns on investment in knowledge (people, processes and intellectual capital), exploit their intangible assets (know-how, patents, customer relationships), repeat successes, share best practices, improve innovation, and avoid knowledge loss after organizational restructuring.
• CKO must have skills across a wide variety of areas. 
• They must be good at developing/understanding the big picture, advocacy (articulation, promotion and justification of the knowledge agenda, sometimes against cynicism or even open hostility), project and people management (oversight of a variety of activities, attention to detail, ability to motivate), communications (communicating clearly the knowledge agenda, have good listening skills and be sensitive to organizational opportunities and obstacles), leadership, teamwork, influencing, and interpersonal skills. 
• The CKO who successfully combines these skills is well equipped as an excellent agent of change for their organization.